Robert did not return until September 1100, one month after William Rufus’ death. William then ruled Normandy as regent in Robert’s absence. The two older brothers made a pact stating that if one of them died without heirs, both Normandy and England would be reunited under the surviving brother. In order to raise money for the crusade, he mortgaged the Duchy of Normandy to his brother King William II Rufus. In 1096, Robert Curthose left for the Holy Land on the First Crusade. William Rufus never married and had no children.
Robert Curthose became Robert II Curthose, Duke of Normandy and William Rufus became King William II Rufus of England. King William I of England died on September 9, 1087. William I’s other surviving son Henry (the future King Henry I of England) was to receive 5,000 pounds of silver and his mother’s English estates. The eldest son Robert Curthose was to receive the Duchy of Normandy and William Rufus, the second surviving son was to receive the Kingdom of England. In 1087, King William I divided his lands between his two eldest surviving sons. The Duke of Normandy was then also King William I of England. In 1066, William, Duke of Normandy invaded England and defeated the last Anglo-Saxon King, Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings. At the time of William Rufus’ birth, his father was the Duke of Normandy. He was the third of the four sons of King William I of England (the Conqueror) and Matilda of Flanders. King William II Rufus of England was born in the Duchy of Normandy, now in France, between 10.
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